Intelligent Early Warning Platform Solution for a Certain Intermediate Court

I. Overview

The Smart Early Warning Platform of a certain Intermediate Court utilizes IoT and information technology to collect monitoring data in real-time, aggregates it uniformly on the platform, enabling real-time monitoring and statistical analysis of data from collection points. When monitored data reaches predefined thresholds, the platform promptly issues alerts for relevant personnel to handle. The following sections elaborate on the platform's content and operational methods from three aspects: architecture, hardware, and software.

II. Architecture

The platform system layer adopts a front-end and back-end separation technology, with the front-end using a responsive framework and the back-end using a microservices framework. The platform application layer employs a BS (Browser/Server) architecture, allowing access and use of platform functions via a web browser. In the platform IoT layer, sensors and gateways communicate via RS485, while gateways and the network layer communicate via RJ45.

a) System Planning Diagram

The platform adopts a front-end and back-end separated architecture. The back-end is composed of microservices, supporting distribution to ensure system scalability. Asynchronous communication is used between services to guarantee timely system responsiveness. Logging and monitoring services ensure high platform availability and improve maintenance efficiency and quality.

b) IoT Topology Diagram

All platform sensors use RS485 devices. Single or multiple sensor devices are connected in series to a gateway. The gateway connects to a switch via RJ45 to exchange data with the platform.

c) Application Technology Chart

The platform is deployed on two host instances, configured with system and application firewalls. Security parameters are configured for the host system (according to Level 3 system security protection standards). Data applications will install the latest stable version with the latest patches. Collection and service programs are developed using native code to ensure platform code scalability, security, and confidentiality. Application services are configured with dual nodes to guarantee high platform availability.

III. Hardware

This project phase plans IoT upgrades for the computer room, archives rooms, and distribution boxes on each floor, monitoring temperature, humidity, smoke alarms, water leakage, UPS, and electrical fires respectively.

a) Device Application

✪ Water Leakage:

RS485 output, normally open contact, monitors tap water and purified water.

✪ Smoke Alarm Detector:

RS485 output, smoke sensitivity 1.06±0.26%FT, alarm sound: ≥80dB.

✪ Smart Miniature Circuit Breaker:

RS485 output, poles: 1P (no leakage protection), 2P, 3P, 4P; rated current: 10-80A; rated short-circuit capacity: 10000A. Monitoring functions include three-phase current, voltage, temperature, residual current, and power consumption. Protection functions include short-circuit, overcurrent, overload, overtemperature, over/under voltage, leakage, arc fault, phase loss, and three-phase imbalance.

b) Product List

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c) Layout Diagrams

◆ 3rd Floor Computer Room

The gateway is installed on the wall to the left of the entrance in the operation room (network cable and mains power reserved; UPS gateway combined in one enclosure).
The water leakage sensor is installed at the most unfavorable point on the floor plan. Temperature & humidity sensors and smoke detectors are installed alternately on the ceiling. All sensors are connected in series using power and signal cables, which are then routed to and connected to the gateway.

◆ 12th Floor Archives Room

The gateway is installed on the wall near the entrance (network cable and mains power reserved).
The water leakage sensor is installed at the most unfavorable point on the floor plan. Temperature & humidity sensors and smoke detectors are installed alternately on the ceiling. All sensors are connected in series using power and signal cables, which are then routed to and connected to the gateway.

◆ 2nd Floor Archives Room

The gateway is installed on the wall near the entrance (network cable and mains power reserved).
The water leakage sensor is installed at the most unfavorable point on the floor plan. Temperature & humidity sensors and smoke detectors are installed alternately on the ceiling. All sensors are connected in series using power and signal cables, which are then routed to and connected to the gateway.

◆ Distribution Box

The gateway is installed on the DIN rail next to the main switch (network cable reserved; mains power taken from the distribution box).
Miniature circuit breakers requiring upgrade can be directly replaced with smart ones. They are connected to the gateway using RS485 communication cables to upload data to the server.

d) Notes

All gateways are connected to the internal network.
The number of sensor devices connected to a gateway is expandable; theoretically, a single-port gateway can support up to 254 devices (without considering response time and construction costs).
The installation positions of temperature & humidity sensors, smoke detectors, and water leakage sensors may be adjusted based on actual conditions.

IV. Software

The platform includes a visualization platform and a backend management platform, operating in an internal network environment and accessible via a web browser.

a) Functions

b) Role Permissions

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All platform accounts must be assigned a role to function normally. A role is composed of a combination of Project Permissions (